{
    "organism": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
    "built_at": "2026-10-10T11:07:28+05:30",
    "review_status": "unreviewed",
    "generator": "CultureScope 1.0.0",
    "disclaimer": "Aggregated from published literature. Unreviewed. Not a substitute for a validated SOP or an accredited reference laboratory.",
    "taxonomy": {
        "taxon": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
        "lineage": "cellular organisms; Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Lysobacterales; Lysobacteraceae; Stenotrophomonas",
        "rank": "species",
        "taxid": "128780",
        "taxonomy_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=128780",
        "gram_prior": {
            "value": "Gram-negative",
            "basis": "Inferred from NCBI Taxonomy lineage"
        },
        "accepted": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
        "gbif_status": "ACCEPTED",
        "gbif_name": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila A"
    },
    "fields": {
        "media": {
            "label": "Media used",
            "multi": true,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "basal_salts_minimal_medium",
                    "value": "Basal salts / minimal medium",
                    "score": 9.96,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "pmc",
                        "openalex",
                        "doaj",
                        "zenodo"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 6,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain JS-1 exhibited substantial growth in M9 mineral salt medium supplemented with 3.2 mmol l(-1) butachlor, as a sole source of carbon and energy.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The genes for glycerol utilization were detected in the genomes of APG2 and APG4, which corroborated with their ability to grow on a minimal medium containing glycerol as the sole co-substrate.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Genome analysis to decipher syntrophy in the bacterial consortium 'SCP' for azo dye degradation.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34116639/",
                            "year": "2021",
                            "id": "PMID:34116639"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain JS-1 exhibited substantial growth in M9 mineral salt medium supplemented with 3.2 mmol l(-1) butachlor, as a sole source of carbon and energy.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Results The genes for glycerol utilization were detected in the genomes of APG2 and APG4, which corroborated with their ability to grow on a minimal medium containing glycerol as the sole co-substrate.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Genome analysis to decipher syntrophy in the bacterial consortium ‘SCP’ for azo dye degradation",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8194134/",
                            "year": "2021",
                            "id": "PMC8194134"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "In the submerged fermentation, minimal medium was dispensed as 20 mL into 100 mL Erlenmeyer flasks in triplicates.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Aliquots of 5 g were used for pre-culture in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 mL of minimal medium ( Dellamatrice and Monteiro, 2004 ) composed of (g L -1 ) 6.0 of NaNO 3 , 1.5 of KH 2 PO 4 , 0.5 of KCl, 0.5 of MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.001 of FeSO 4 , 0.001 of ZnSO 4 , at pH 6.8.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753625/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMC5753625"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "luria_bertani_lb_",
                    "value": "Luria-Bertani (LB)",
                    "score": 7.64,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Maximum specific growth rate (µ max = 0.362 h -1 ) of the bacterium in the optimized medium did not differ significantly from those in Luria-Bertani and trypticase soy broths.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "A novel strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila produces thermostable alkaline peptidase on agro-industrial wastes: process optimization, kinetic modeling and scale-up.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35713813/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:35713813"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Materials and methods Experimental materials The main reagents used in the experiment, LB medium, NaCl, and H 2 SO 4 , were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Two types of microorganisms isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathways analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559972/",
                            "year": "2024",
                            "id": "PMC11559972"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "For decolorization studies, the three isolates were grown in Luria Bertani Broth for overnight at 37 degC under the shaking condition (i.e., 150 rpm).",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Genome analysis to decipher syntrophy in the bacterial consortium ‘SCP’ for azo dye degradation",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8194134/",
                            "year": "2021",
                            "id": "PMC8194134"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The three bacterial isolates were otherwise maintained as pure cultures on Luria Bertani agar.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Genome analysis to decipher syntrophy in the bacterial consortium ‘SCP’ for azo dye degradation",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8194134/",
                            "year": "2021",
                            "id": "PMC8194134"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Flasks were sterilized by autoclaving and supplemented with filter-sterilized skimmed milk after cooling and subsequently inoculated with 3% (vv -1 ) 18 h-old Luria-Bertani (LB) broth of all improved mutants.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The bacterial growth medium (Luria-Bertani, LB) contained 10.0 g l -1 tryptone, 5.0 g l -1 yeast extract, 1.0 g l -1 NaCl (pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "tryptic_soy_broth_tsb_",
                    "value": "Tryptic soy broth (TSB)",
                    "score": 2.79,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Maximum specific growth rate (µ max = 0.362 h -1 ) of the bacterium in the optimized medium did not differ significantly from those in Luria-Bertani and trypticase soy broths.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "A novel strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila produces thermostable alkaline peptidase on agro-industrial wastes: process optimization, kinetic modeling and scale-up.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35713813/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:35713813"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Heavy metal tolerance to lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) was evaluated in tryptic soy broth (TSB) containing up to 9,000 ppm of each metal.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Maximum specific growth rate (µ max = 0.362 h -1 ) of the bacterium in the optimized medium did not differ significantly from those in Luria-Bertani and trypticase soy broths.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "A novel strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila produces thermostable alkaline peptidase on agro-industrial wastes: process optimization, kinetic modeling and scale-up.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-03010-9",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "MED:35713813 doi:10.1007/s00203-022-03010-9"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "tryptic_soy_agar_tsa_",
                    "value": "Tryptic soy agar (TSA)",
                    "score": 0.93,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "In both cases, irradiated cells were serially diluted (10-fold) in normal saline (0.90% NaCl) and plated on trypticase soy agar (TSA) by the spread plate technique and incubated at 30 degC for 48 h in the dark to obtain viable cells.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "nutrient_broth",
                    "value": "Nutrient broth",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Six highly copper-tolerant isolates named as MYS1, MYS2, MYS3, MYS4, MYS5 and MYS6 were isolated through enrichment in copper containing nutrient broth.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Copper-tolerant rhizosphere bacteria-characterization and assessment of plant growth promoting factors.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28251535/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMID:28251535"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "moderate",
            "conflict": null,
            "review": "unreviewed"
        },
        "temperature": {
            "label": "Optimum temperature for growth",
            "multi": false,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "r55_75",
                    "value": "55–75 °C",
                    "score": 7.14,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "4 a shows that optimum temperature for protease activity ranged from 55 to 75 degC making it thermo-stable; the stability of which lasted for 60 min at 55-65 degC.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "4 a shows that optimum temperature for protease activity ranged from 55 to 75 degC making it thermo-stable; the stability of which lasted for 60 min at 55-65 degC.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Many Bacillus proteases have activity optima lower than 75 degC giving the protease in this study significant advantage.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Enzyme kinetic studies indicated optimal laccase activity at temperatures of 45-55 degC and pH levels of 4-7, with isolates TR32, SH2A, and AK17 producing laccase activities exceeding 90 U/L. Molecular characterization via 16 S rRNA sequencing identified these isolates as belonging to genera such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, known for their lignocellulolytic enzyme production.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Optimization in modified TSB (MTSB), containing 0.6% sucrose and 4% yeast extract at pH 6.0 and 55 degC, enhanced EPS production 5.5-fold to 0.4524 ± 0.0176 g/100 ml compared with 0.0821 ± 0.0076 g/100 ml in standard TSB.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "4 a shows that optimum temperature for protease activity ranged from 55 to 75 degC making it thermo-stable; the stability of which lasted for 60 min at 55-65 degC.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "p37",
                    "value": "37.2 °C",
                    "score": 5.59,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The optimum conditions for DBP degradation were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) analysis to be 30.9 mg/l DBP concentration, pH 7.5, at a culture temperature of 37.2 degC.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Isolation of Dibutyl Phthalate-Degrading Bacteria and Its Coculture with Citrobacter freundii CD-9 to Degrade Fenvalerate.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35058397/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:35058397"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Proteolytic activity was evaluated using azocasein and casein assays after cultivation in an optimized medium containing 1% soybean paste as an inducer at 37 degC and 120 rpm for 72 h.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bioprospecting of Aerobic Bacteria with Proteolytic Potential Isolated from Animal and Water Sources in the Three Regions of Mainland Ecuador.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062907",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:41898766 doi:10.3390/ijms27062907"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain efficiently degraded 300 ng/mL of OTA within 72 h (98% degradation) under optimal conditions of 37 degC, pH 5.0, and 180 rpm.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Detoxification of Ochratoxin a by &lt;i&gt;Weizmannia coagulans&lt;/i&gt; CGMCC 9951: Characterization, Mechanism, and Application in &lt;i&gt;Cornus officinalis&lt;/i&gt; Pulp.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins18050194",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42188597 doi:10.3390/toxins18050194"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The optimum conditions for DBP degradation were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) analysis to be 30.9 mg/l DBP concentration, pH 7.5, at a culture temperature of 37.2 degC.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Isolation of Dibutyl Phthalate-Degrading Bacteria and Its Coculture with <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> CD-9 to Degrade Fenvalerate.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2110.10048",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "MED:35058397 doi:10.4014/jmb.2110.10048"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "r55_65",
                    "value": "55–65 °C",
                    "score": 4.91,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "4 a shows that optimum temperature for protease activity ranged from 55 to 75 degC making it thermo-stable; the stability of which lasted for 60 min at 55-65 degC.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Enzyme kinetic studies indicated optimal laccase activity at temperatures of 45-55 degC and pH levels of 4-7, with isolates TR32, SH2A, and AK17 producing laccase activities exceeding 90 U/L. Molecular characterization via 16 S rRNA sequencing identified these isolates as belonging to genera such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, known for their lignocellulolytic enzyme production.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Optimization in modified TSB (MTSB), containing 0.6% sucrose and 4% yeast extract at pH 6.0 and 55 degC, enhanced EPS production 5.5-fold to 0.4524 ± 0.0176 g/100 ml compared with 0.0821 ± 0.0076 g/100 ml in standard TSB.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "4 a shows that optimum temperature for protease activity ranged from 55 to 75 degC making it thermo-stable; the stability of which lasted for 60 min at 55-65 degC.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "p30",
                    "value": "30 °C",
                    "score": 4.25,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "crossref",
                        "doaj",
                        "zenodo"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l -1 , it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31827822/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMID:31827822"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l -1 , it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "crossref",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190562",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "doi:10.1098/rsos.190562"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l-1, it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "doaj",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.190562",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "fe2b7598f61c49208f27f1ab4afe9e6e"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 300 mg l-1, it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5 and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0), respectively.",
                            "source": "zenodo",
                            "title": "Data from: Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/5003274",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "zenodo:5003274"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "r45_55",
                    "value": "45–55 °C",
                    "score": 3.79,
                    "sources": [
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Enzyme kinetic studies indicated optimal laccase activity at temperatures of 45-55 degC and pH levels of 4-7, with isolates TR32, SH2A, and AK17 producing laccase activities exceeding 90 U/L. Molecular characterization via 16 S rRNA sequencing identified these isolates as belonging to genera such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, known for their lignocellulolytic enzyme production.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Enzyme kinetic studies indicated optimal laccase activity at temperatures of 45-55 degC and pH levels of 4-7, with isolates TR32, SH2A, and AK17 producing laccase activities exceeding 90 U/L. Molecular characterization via 16 S rRNA sequencing identified these isolates as belonging to genera such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, known for their lignocellulolytic enzyme production.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Optimization in modified TSB (MTSB), containing 0.6% sucrose and 4% yeast extract at pH 6.0 and 55 degC, enhanced EPS production 5.5-fold to 0.4524 ± 0.0176 g/100 ml compared with 0.0821 ± 0.0076 g/100 ml in standard TSB.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "moderate",
            "conflict": "Sources disagree: \"55–75 °C\" (score 7.14) versus \"37.2 °C\" (score 5.59). Both are shown; a reviewer should decide.",
            "review": "unreviewed"
        },
        "time": {
            "label": "Time required to grow",
            "multi": false,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "hrs_120_120",
                    "value": "5 d",
                    "score": 8.18,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc",
                        "doaj"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Y4B demonstrated strong competitiveness and substantially accelerated the degradation of glyphosate in different soils, degrading 71.93 and 89.81% of glyphosate (400 mg kg -1 ) within 5 days in sterile and nonsterile soils, respectively.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Effects of Free or Immobilized Bacterium Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Y4B on Glyphosate Degradation Performance and Indigenous Microbial Community Structure.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36278819/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:36278819"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The mixed culture composed of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila and Ochrobactrum at a 2:1 ratio was able to achieve 79.41% degradation of the total petroleum hydrocarbons after 5 days.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Two types of microorganisms isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathways analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39535996/",
                            "year": "2024",
                            "id": "PMID:39535996"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "After 5 days, the strain W02 exhibited the best degradation efficiency of C17, reaching 81.93%, whereas the lowest degradation efficiency for C21 (29.97%).",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Two types of microorganisms isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathways analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559972/",
                            "year": "2024",
                            "id": "PMC11559972"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Notably, alginate bead-encapsulated UB08 achieved 100% Pb removal within 2 days, significantly better than immobilization on water hyacinth (100% at 5 days) and ceramic rings (71.51% at 7 days).",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The mixed culture composed of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila and Ochrobactrum at a 2:1 ratio was able to achieve 79.41% degradation of the total petroleum hydrocarbons after 5 days.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Two types of microorganisms isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathways analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312416",
                            "year": "2024",
                            "id": "MED:39535996 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0312416"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The mixed culture composed of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila and Ochrobactrum at a 2:1 ratio was able to achieve 79.41% degradation of the total petroleum hydrocarbons after 5 days.",
                            "source": "doaj",
                            "title": "Two types of microorganisms isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathways analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312416",
                            "year": "2024",
                            "id": "c847d3b397a84b7fa62c9ae4dd687b9d"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "hrs_48_48",
                    "value": "48 h",
                    "score": 6.34,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Under the optimized conditions, approximately 88% of DBP was degraded within 48 h and five metabolites were detected.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Isolation of Dibutyl Phthalate-Degrading Bacteria and Its Coculture with Citrobacter freundii CD-9 to Degrade Fenvalerate.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35058397/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:35058397"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A lag phase in decolorization of up to 48 h of incubation was observed, which may be attributed to the delay in growth of a member of the consortium responsible for causing reduction of the chromophore group of the dye and thus the decolorization of the medium.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Genome analysis to decipher syntrophy in the bacterial consortium ‘SCP’ for azo dye degradation",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8194134/",
                            "year": "2021",
                            "id": "PMC8194134"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "In both cases, irradiated cells were serially diluted (10-fold) in normal saline (0.90% NaCl) and plated on trypticase soy agar (TSA) by the spread plate technique and incubated at 30 degC for 48 h in the dark to obtain viable cells.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The plates were incubated at 30 degC for 48 h.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Under the optimized conditions, approximately 88% of DBP was degraded within 48 h and five metabolites were detected.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Isolation of Dibutyl Phthalate-Degrading Bacteria and Its Coculture with <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> CD-9 to Degrade Fenvalerate.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2110.10048",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "MED:35058397 doi:10.4014/jmb.2110.10048"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Notably, alginate bead-encapsulated UB08 achieved 100% Pb removal within 2 days, significantly better than immobilization on water hyacinth (100% at 5 days) and ceramic rings (71.51% at 7 days).",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "hrs_36_36",
                    "value": "36 h",
                    "score": 3.19,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc",
                        "openalex",
                        "zenodo"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The preparation was incubated at room temperature (28 ± 2 degC) on shaker incubator (Gallenkamp, UK) agitating at 150 rpm for 36 h.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMC9189783"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "S. maltophilia H3-1 biodegraded 93.3% of α-CBT-diol (300 mg/L) within 36 h when grown under optimized culture conditions, including a temperature of 40 degC, pH of 8, 2 g/L maltose, and 2 g/L ammonium sulfate.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bioconversion of Alpha-Cembratriene-4,6-diol into High-Value Compound Farnesal Through Employment of a Novel &lt;i&gt;Stenotrophomonas maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; H3-1 Strain.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30051090",
                            "year": "2025",
                            "id": "MED:40076316 doi:10.3390/molecules30051090"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The study also selected K2HPO4/KH2PO4 (2:1) and 108 cfu/mL as most appropriate phosphate combination and inoculum size respectively for maximum release of protease within the fermentation time of 36 h.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Evaluation of the Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Parameters on Extracellular Protease Production by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Strain BPE4",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.18483/ijsci.1548",
                            "year": "2018",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W2789527987"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The study also selected K2HPO4/KH2PO4 (2:1) and 108 cfu/mL as most appropriate phosphate combination and inoculum size respectively for maximum release of protease within the fermentation time of 36 h.",
                            "source": "zenodo",
                            "title": "Evaluation of the Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Parameters on Extracellular Protease Production by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Strain BPE4",
                            "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/3350229",
                            "year": "2018",
                            "id": "zenodo:3350229"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "hrs_168_168",
                    "value": "7 d",
                    "score": 2.67,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "In 7 days, Sten. acidaminiphila biofilm culture efficiently degraded 71·1 ± 3·1% and 40·2 ± 2·4% of phenanthrene and pyrene, respectively, whereas 38·7 ± 2·5% of phenanthrene and 29·7 ± 1% of pyrene degradation was observed in planktonic culture.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Characterization of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila NCW-702 biofilm for implication in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25040365/",
                            "year": "2014",
                            "id": "PMID:25040365"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Then, the mixture-containing Erlenmeyer flask was incubated in a rotary shaker at 160 r.p.m. and 30 degC for 7 days.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Notably, alginate bead-encapsulated UB08 achieved 100% Pb removal within 2 days, significantly better than immobilization on water hyacinth (100% at 5 days) and ceramic rings (71.51% at 7 days).",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "hrs_96_96",
                    "value": "96 h",
                    "score": 2.36,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "crossref",
                        "doaj",
                        "zenodo"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l -1 , it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31827822/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMID:31827822"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l -1 , it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "crossref",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190562",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "doi:10.1098/rsos.190562"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l-1, it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0).",
                            "source": "doaj",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.190562",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "fe2b7598f61c49208f27f1ab4afe9e6e"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 300 mg l-1, it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5 and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30 degC and pH 7.0), respectively.",
                            "source": "zenodo",
                            "title": "Data from: Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/5003274",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "zenodo:5003274"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "moderate",
            "conflict": "Sources disagree: \"5 d\" (score 8.18) versus \"48 h\" (score 6.34). Both are shown; a reviewer should decide.",
            "review": "unreviewed"
        },
        "colony": {
            "label": "Colony morphology",
            "multi": false,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "c7a2e35ec2d",
                    "value": "The colonies of strain BJ1 on LB plate were round with edge neat, uplifted surface, opaque and yellow in colour.",
                    "score": 0.95,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The colonies of strain BJ1 on LB plate were round with edge neat, uplifted surface, opaque and yellow in colour.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "c22fd1230c8",
                    "value": "For example, in the dilution of 10 -6 , 65 to 57 colony forming units (CFUs) were observed in the entire sample, equivalent to 1.2 × 10 8 bacteria per gram of the soil.",
                    "score": 0.95,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "For example, in the dilution of 10 -6 , 65 to 57 colony forming units (CFUs) were observed in the entire sample, equivalent to 1.2 × 10 8 bacteria per gram of the soil.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753625/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMC5753625"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "low",
            "conflict": null,
            "review": "unreviewed"
        },
        "gram": {
            "label": "Gram character",
            "multi": false,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "gram_negative",
                    "value": "Gram-negative",
                    "score": 40.55,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "pmc",
                        "europepmc",
                        "openalex",
                        "doaj",
                        "zenodo",
                        "wikipedia"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 8,
                    "confidence": "high",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila , the most recent reported species in genus Stenotrophomonas , is a relatively rare bacteria and is an aerobic, glucose non-fermentative, Gram-negative bacterium.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Genome-wide analysis reveals the emergence of multidrug resistant Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila strain SINDOREI isolated from a patient with sepsis.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36212813/",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "PMID:36212813"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila is an aerobic, glucose non-fermentative, Gram-negative bacterium that been isolated from various environmental sources, particularly aquatic ecosystems.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Reveal Evolutionary Insights Into Sulfamethoxazole Resistance.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29867899/",
                            "year": "2018",
                            "id": "PMID:29867899"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Cells were gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating, straight to curved rods with a polar flagellum.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila sp. nov., a strictly aerobic bacterium isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11931169/",
                            "year": "2002",
                            "id": "PMID:11931169"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A total of 400 bacteria were isolated, with 68% being Gram-positive and 32% Gram-negative.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29322098/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMID:29322098"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ03(T), was isolated from sewage and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis sp. nov., isolated from sewage.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20400671/",
                            "year": "2011",
                            "id": "PMID:20400671"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ03(T), was isolated from sewage and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis sp. nov., isolated from sewage.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20400671/",
                            "year": "2011",
                            "id": "PMID:20400671"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Inferred from NCBI Taxonomy lineage: cellular organisms; Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Lysobacterales; Lysobacteraceae; Stenotrophomonas",
                            "source": "ncbi_taxonomy",
                            "title": "NCBI Taxonomy lineage",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=128780",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "lineage"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "gram_positive",
                    "value": "Gram-positive",
                    "score": 4.12,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pmc",
                        "openalex",
                        "doaj"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "A total of 400 bacteria were isolated, with 68% being Gram-positive and 32% Gram-negative.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29322098/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMID:29322098"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Of the 400 isolated strains, 68% were Gram-positive bacteria (GP) and 32% Gram-negative (GN) ( Table 1 ).",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753625/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMC5753625"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Cultures that developed after inoculating vegetative cells were characterized by: (1) resistance to physical factors and sterilization procedures; (2) high antimicrobial activity with respect to some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; (3) resistance to polypeptide antibiotics; (4) the presence of an easily detaching S-layer on the cell surface; (5) the ability to secret outer membrane vesicles into the intercellular space; and (6) formation of S-layerderived tubular st",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Cytophysiological Characteristics of the Vegetative and Dormant Cells of Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain FM3, a Bacterium Isolated from the Skin of a Xenopus laevis Frog",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261718030116",
                            "year": "2018",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W2805688521"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A total of 400 bacteria were isolated, with 68% being Gram-positive and 32% Gram-negative.",
                            "source": "doaj",
                            "title": "Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops",
                            "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844017322211",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "fa327d6f96094826a8418bbfe6bd48d8"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "high",
            "conflict": null,
            "review": "unreviewed"
        },
        "biochem": {
            "label": "Biochemical tests for identification",
            "multi": true,
            "items": [
                {
                    "key": "16s_rrna_gene_sequencing",
                    "value": "16S rRNA gene sequencing",
                    "score": 32.62,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "europepmc",
                        "crossref",
                        "openalex",
                        "doaj",
                        "zenodo"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 7,
                    "confidence": "high",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The morphological, biochemical and genetic characteristics based on 16S rDNA sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the isolate as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila strain JS-1.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, morphological and biological characteristics, we identified the strain BJ1 as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila .",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31827822/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMID:31827822"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Based on their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, together with 16S rDNA gene sequence analyses, bacteria were identified as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila (2#), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9#) and Delftia tsuruhatensis (12#).",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Characterization of cadmium-resistant bacteria and their potential for reducing accumulation of cadmium in rice grains.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27341110/",
                            "year": "2016",
                            "id": "PMID:27341110"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The morphological, biochemical and genetic characteristics based on 16S rDNA sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the isolate as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila strain JS-1.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Scaling EPS yield and bio-carrier application of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus paralicheniformis&lt;/i&gt; UB08 for rapid lead remediation.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21647",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42626619 doi:10.7717/peerj.21647"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, all three isolated strains were identified as belonging to the Klebsiella species.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Biodegradation of Microcystins by Aquatic Bacteria &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella&lt;/i&gt; spp. Isolated from Lake Kasumigaura.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17070346",
                            "year": "2025",
                            "id": "MED:40711157 doi:10.3390/toxins17070346"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "whole_genome_sequencing_ani",
                    "value": "Whole-genome sequencing / ANI — reported positive",
                    "score": 10.1,
                    "sources": [
                        "europepmc",
                        "crossref",
                        "openalex"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "high",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to identify all AR genes present in isolates.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria in Skilled Nursing Facility Wastewater.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf534",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:41251486 doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaf534"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Whole-genome sequencing-based resistome characterization and phenotypic assessment of antibiotic resistance in Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila K2-T isolated through polyethylene enrichment.",
                            "source": "crossref",
                            "title": "Whole-genome sequencing-based resistome characterization and phenotypic assessment of antibiotic resistance in Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila K2-T isolated through polyethylene enrichment",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexres.2026.102445",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "doi:10.1016/j.nexres.2026.102445"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Values for genomic average nucleotide identity (ANI; <95%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH; < 70%) indicated that strains CPCC 101365T and CPCC 101269T were well-differentiated from validly described Stenotrophomonas species, while strain CPCC 101426 shared high ANI (97.7%) and dDDH (78.3%) identity with its closest phylogenetic neighbor, Stenotrophomonas koreensis JCM 13256T.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Characterization of three Stenotrophomonas strains isolated from different ecosystems and proposal of Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056762",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4311505967"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Based on phenotypic differences, chemotaxonomic properties, ANI and dDDH identity values, and phylogenetic analyses, two novel Stenotrophomonas species are proposed for the strains identified here.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Characterization of three Stenotrophomonas strains isolated from different ecosystems and proposal of Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056762",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4311505967"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "maldi_tof_ms",
                    "value": "MALDI-TOF MS",
                    "score": 6.54,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "europepmc",
                        "openalex"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "A hybrid process for 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicidal treatment and its microbial identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry..",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "A hybrid process for 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicidal treatment and its microbial identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30092741/",
                            "year": "2020",
                            "id": "PMID:30092741"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Pre-treatment led to a quick decrease in concentration of 2,4-D and COD during the biological process: a 78.79 ± 0.30% COD removal and 38.23 ± 3.12% 2,4-D elimination was measured after 5760 min in A-BR, and 80.89 ± 0.81% COD and 81.36 ± 1.37% 2,4-D removal was achieved after 2880 min in P-B. For species identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight (TOF)-TOF/MS equipment, Aeromonas eucrenophila , Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila , Ral",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "A hybrid process for 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicidal treatment and its microbial identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30092741/",
                            "year": "2020",
                            "id": "PMID:30092741"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Results Bacteria (n = 209 isolates) were identified using MALDI-TOF and included >20 different genera.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria in Skilled Nursing Facility Wastewater.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf534",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:41251486 doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaf534"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Showing highly similar with S. maltophilia, 704A1T also displayed distinct characteristic peaks in fatty acid profiling and MALDI-TOF analysis.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis sp. nov., a novel pathogenic Stenotrophomonas species isolated from tuberculous pleurisy patient",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629703",
                            "year": "2025",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4413133707"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "indole",
                    "value": "Indole",
                    "score": 5.28,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "pmc",
                        "openalex"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain JS-1 in stationary phase of culture also produced 21.0 microg ml(-1) of growth hormone indole acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of 500 microg ml(-1) of tryptophan.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "All the rhizobacteria showed plant growth promoting traits such as production of siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Copper-tolerant rhizosphere bacteria-characterization and assessment of plant growth promoting factors.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28251535/",
                            "year": "2017",
                            "id": "PMID:28251535"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain JS-1 in stationary phase of culture also produced 21.0 microg ml(-1) of growth hormone indole acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of 500 microg ml(-1) of tryptophan.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "PMID:20477958"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "It did not produce hydrogen sulfide and indole while it was able to use glucose, propionate, malic acid, pyruvic acid and acidic amino acid as sole carbon sources.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "The strain JS-1 in stationary phase of culture also produced 21.0 microg ml(-1) of growth hormone indole acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of 500 microg ml(-1) of tryptophan.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02854.x",
                            "year": "2010",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W1715877437"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores were identified in the genomes of the three isolates, suggesting that these strains might serve roles as plant-growth promoting microorganisms.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Characterization of three Stenotrophomonas strains isolated from different ecosystems and proposal of Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056762",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4311505967"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "motility",
                    "value": "Motility — reported negative",
                    "score": 5.11,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "europepmc",
                        "wikipedia"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 4,
                    "confidence": "moderate",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Cells were gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating, straight to curved rods with a polar flagellum.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila sp. nov., a strictly aerobic bacterium isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11931169/",
                            "year": "2002",
                            "id": "PMID:11931169"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ03(T), was isolated from sewage and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis sp. nov., isolated from sewage.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20400671/",
                            "year": "2011",
                            "id": "PMID:20400671"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "A Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ03(T), was isolated from sewage and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis sp. nov., isolated from sewage.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20400671/",
                            "year": "2011",
                            "id": "PMID:20400671"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Strain ASS1, a motile Gram-negative rod, was isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil in Tabasco, Mexico, and initial 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated affiliation with Stenotrophomonas , warranting full polyphasic characterization.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "&lt;i&gt;Stenotrophomonas oleivorans&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil in Tabasco, Mexico.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1793198",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42232900 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1793198"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila is a strictly aerobic, gram-negative, mesophilic, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus Stenotrophomonas which has been isolated from industrial waste water in Mexico.",
                            "source": "wikipedia",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenotrophomonas_acidaminiphila",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "wikipedia:58028077"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "short_chain_fatty_acid_profile_glc_",
                    "value": "Short-chain fatty acid profile (GLC)",
                    "score": 2.43,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "pubmed_pheno",
                        "openalex"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 3,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Metabolites formed as a result of fipronil degradation were characterized with gas liquid chromatograph.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Degradation of fipronil by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila isolated from rhizospheric soil of Zea mays.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28330119/",
                            "year": "2016",
                            "id": "PMID:28330119"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Metabolites formed as a result of fipronil degradation were characterized with gas liquid chromatograph.",
                            "source": "pubmed_pheno",
                            "title": "Degradation of fipronil by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila isolated from rhizospheric soil of Zea mays.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28330119/",
                            "year": "2016",
                            "id": "PMID:28330119"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Metabolites formed as a result of fipronil degradation were characterized with gas liquid chromatograph.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Degradation of fipronil by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila isolated from rhizospheric soil of Zea mays",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-015-0354-x",
                            "year": "2016",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W2256745426"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "cellulose_cmc_hydrolysis",
                    "value": "Cellulose (CMC) hydrolysis",
                    "score": 2.41,
                    "sources": [
                        "europepmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "This study investigates the isolation and characterization of novel lignocellulolytic bacterial strains capable of efficiently degrading paddy straw, thereby contributing to sustainable carbon management.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Enzyme kinetic studies indicated optimal laccase activity at temperatures of 45-55 degC and pH levels of 4-7, with isolates TR32, SH2A, and AK17 producing laccase activities exceeding 90 U/L. Molecular characterization via 16 S rRNA sequencing identified these isolates as belonging to genera such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, known for their lignocellulolytic enzyme production.",
                            "source": "europepmc",
                            "title": "Bio decomposition of paddy straw waste using laccase producing novel soil bacterial isolates: An eco-friendly and sustainable approach.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "MED:42129442 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50628-6"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "antibiotic_susceptibility_profile",
                    "value": "Antibiotic susceptibility profile",
                    "score": 1.66,
                    "sources": [
                        "pubmed",
                        "openalex"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Antibiotic susceptibility and physiological characteristics were determined.",
                            "source": "pubmed",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila sp. nov., a strictly aerobic bacterium isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.",
                            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11931169/",
                            "year": "2002",
                            "id": "PMID:11931169"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Methods Systematical evaluations including phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, genomic sequencing were conducted.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis sp. nov., a novel pathogenic Stenotrophomonas species isolated from tuberculous pleurisy patient",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629703",
                            "year": "2025",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4413133707"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "spore_formation_stain",
                    "value": "Spore formation / stain — reported negative",
                    "score": 1.62,
                    "sources": [
                        "openalex",
                        "wikipedia"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 2,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Here, three Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria, designated as strains CPCC 101365T, CPCC 101269T, and CPCC 101426 were isolated from surface-sterilized medicinal plant roots of a mulberry plant in Chuxiong of the Yunnan Province, freshwater from Erhai Lake in the Yunnan Province, and sandy soils in the Badain Jaran desert in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, respectively.",
                            "source": "openalex",
                            "title": "Characterization of three Stenotrophomonas strains isolated from different ecosystems and proposal of Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov.",
                            "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056762",
                            "year": "2022",
                            "id": "https://openalex.org/W4311505967"
                        },
                        {
                            "sentence": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila is a strictly aerobic, gram-negative, mesophilic, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus Stenotrophomonas which has been isolated from industrial waste water in Mexico.",
                            "source": "wikipedia",
                            "title": "Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
                            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenotrophomonas_acidaminiphila",
                            "year": "2026",
                            "id": "wikipedia:58028077"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "catalase",
                    "value": "Catalase — reported positive",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Biochemically, the strain was negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis starch, citrate utilization test and was positive for catalase and gelatin hydrolysis.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "citrate_utilisation",
                    "value": "Citrate utilisation — reported positive",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Biochemically, the strain was negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis starch, citrate utilization test and was positive for catalase and gelatin hydrolysis.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "urease",
                    "value": "Urease — reported negative",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Biochemically, the strain was negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis starch, citrate utilization test and was positive for catalase and gelatin hydrolysis.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "nitrate_reduction",
                    "value": "Nitrate reduction — reported negative",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Biochemically, the strain was negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis starch, citrate utilization test and was positive for catalase and gelatin hydrolysis.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                },
                {
                    "key": "gelatin_hydrolysis",
                    "value": "Gelatin hydrolysis — reported positive",
                    "score": 0.81,
                    "sources": [
                        "pmc"
                    ],
                    "n_sources": 1,
                    "confidence": "low",
                    "evidence": [
                        {
                            "sentence": "Biochemically, the strain was negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis starch, citrate utilization test and was positive for catalase and gelatin hydrolysis.",
                            "source": "pmc",
                            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
                            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
                            "year": "2019",
                            "id": "PMC6894561"
                        }
                    ],
                    "inferred": false
                }
            ],
            "confidence": "high",
            "conflict": null,
            "review": "unreviewed"
        }
    },
    "references": [
        {
            "title": "Overproduction of a thermo-stable halo-alkaline protease on agro-waste-based optimized medium through alternate combinatorial random mutagenesis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila",
            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189783/",
            "year": "2022",
            "id": "PMC9189783",
            "source": "pmc",
            "fields": [
                "media",
                "time",
                "temperature"
            ],
            "n": 13
        },
        {
            "title": "Isolation and characterization of butachlor-catabolizing bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila JS-1 from soil and assessment of its biodegradation potential.",
            "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477958/",
            "year": "2010",
            "id": "PMID:20477958",
            "source": "pubmed",
            "fields": [
                "biochem",
                "media",
                "time"
            ],
            "n": 12
        },
        {
            "title": "Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil",
            "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894561/",
            "year": "2019",
            "id": "PMC6894561",
            "source": "pmc",
            "fields": [
                "media",
                "time",
                "colony",
                "gram",
                "biochem"
            ],
            "n": 12
        },
        {
            "title": "Degradation of fipronil by Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila isolated from rhizospheric soil of Zea mays.",
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            "note": "Skipped — LPSN credentials not configured (free registration).",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "straininfo",
            "label": "StrainInfo — strain cross-references",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "No response (endpoint may require a different path).",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 1323
        },
        {
            "key": "gbif",
            "label": "GBIF — name resolution",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Matched as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila A (ACCEPTED).",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 643
        },
        {
            "key": "wikidata",
            "label": "Wikidata — identifier bridge",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Item Q10374156 matched.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 1217
        },
        {
            "key": "mediadive",
            "label": "DSMZ MediaDive — curated growth media",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "No media entries matched this name in MediaDive.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 800
        },
        {
            "key": "bacdive",
            "label": "BacDive — curated strain phenotypes",
            "status": "skipped",
            "note": "Skipped — BacDive credentials not configured. This is the single highest-value source; registration is free.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "pubmed",
            "label": "PubMed — culture and cultivation query",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "25 abstracts retrieved (culture query).",
            "records": 25,
            "evidence": 35,
            "ms": 2517
        },
        {
            "key": "pubmed_pheno",
            "label": "PubMed — morphology and identification query",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "6 abstracts retrieved (pheno query).",
            "records": 6,
            "evidence": 14,
            "ms": 2479
        },
        {
            "key": "pmc",
            "label": "PubMed Central — open-access Methods sections",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "5 open-access full texts mined.",
            "records": 5,
            "evidence": 38,
            "ms": 8812
        },
        {
            "key": "europepmc",
            "label": "Europe PMC — abstract search",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "25 records from Europe PMC.",
            "records": 25,
            "evidence": 38,
            "ms": 1249
        },
        {
            "key": "europepmc_ft",
            "label": "Europe PMC — full-text mining",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "0 full texts mined for Methods detail.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 3000
        },
        {
            "key": "crossref",
            "label": "Crossref — DOI metadata",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "25 DOI records (abstracts only where deposited).",
            "records": 25,
            "evidence": 4,
            "ms": 943
        },
        {
            "key": "openalex",
            "label": "OpenAlex — open scholarly graph",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "25 works (inverted abstracts reconstructed locally).",
            "records": 25,
            "evidence": 28,
            "ms": 2643
        },
        {
            "key": "semanticscholar",
            "label": "Semantic Scholar — abstracts",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Rate-limited or unavailable (keyless access is throttled).",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 1147
        },
        {
            "key": "doaj",
            "label": "DOAJ — open-access journals",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "17 open-access articles.",
            "records": 17,
            "evidence": 12,
            "ms": 567
        },
        {
            "key": "openaire",
            "label": "OpenAIRE — repository publications",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "0 repository publications.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 14009
        },
        {
            "key": "scielo",
            "label": "SciELO — regional journals",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "No parseable SciELO response (their JSON output is unstable; a deep link is still provided).",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 573
        },
        {
            "key": "ncbi_books",
            "label": "NCBI Bookshelf — reference texts",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "No reference-text chapters matched.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 645
        },
        {
            "key": "core",
            "label": "CORE — aggregated repositories",
            "status": "skipped",
            "note": "Skipped — no API key configured.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "springer",
            "label": "Springer Nature — publisher metadata",
            "status": "skipped",
            "note": "Skipped — no API key configured.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "elsevier",
            "label": "ScienceDirect — publisher metadata",
            "status": "skipped",
            "note": "Skipped — no API key configured.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "preprints",
            "label": "bioRxiv / medRxiv — preprints",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "2 preprints (not peer reviewed — weighted down).",
            "records": 2,
            "evidence": 2,
            "ms": 902
        },
        {
            "key": "zenodo",
            "label": "Zenodo — datasets and protocols",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "2 deposits (datasets, theses, protocols).",
            "records": 2,
            "evidence": 7,
            "ms": 920
        },
        {
            "key": "wikipedia",
            "label": "Wikipedia — orientation only",
            "status": "hit",
            "note": "Article retrieved (lowest weight).",
            "records": 1,
            "evidence": 3,
            "ms": 848
        },
        {
            "key": "atcc",
            "label": "ATCC — deep link",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Deep link prepared — open manually.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "nctc",
            "label": "NCTC / UKHSA — deep link",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Deep link prepared — open manually.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "google_scholar",
            "label": "Google Scholar — deep link (not crawled)",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Deep link prepared — open manually.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "protocols",
            "label": "protocols.io — deep link",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Deep link prepared — open manually.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        },
        {
            "key": "researchgate",
            "label": "ResearchGate — deep link",
            "status": "empty",
            "note": "Deep link prepared — open manually.",
            "records": 0,
            "evidence": 0,
            "ms": 0
        }
    ]
}